how to lay concrete railway sleepers

Jan 25, 2016

how to lay railway sleepers

Railroad sleeper is an important railway component. It is also well known as railroad ties and mainly used in the railway fastening system to ensure the correct position of the gauge. During the past time, they were most made of wood, which should be rich for the large requirements. But considering the short useful life and large wood consumption, wooden sleepers have been gradually replaced by concrete sleeper on the main trunk. In order to resist longitudinal and transverse displacement, the railway sleepers should have some essential features such as firmness, elasticity, durability or easy to fix etc. In other words, when the train passes, railway sleepers can be suitably deformed to buffer the pressure, but after that, it must be recovered to the original shape as soon as possible. In conclusion, railway sleeper is important for whole railway track. How to lay railway sleepers?

Laying procedures of concrete railway sleepers

The concrete sleeper is widely used with its features, which include long useful life, good stability, can satisfy the requirement of high speed, large capacity, etc. The laying method of concrete sleepers as follows:

Pre-construction activities

Pre-construction activities mean going through the relevant formalities, testing pull-out forces of anchoring, choosing the rails and equipment will be used during construction.

The safety regulations of sleeper handling and loading

The highway transportation of sleeper should use vehicles with a fixed frame, and the vehicles should be compatible with sleeper size, the number of layers in the load is less than 6, sleepers should be lashed tightly after loading, to prevent any movement in a seaway.
The railway transportation of sleeper should load according to the loading plan that was approved by railway department.
One concrete sleeper must be lifted by 4 workers.
It is strictly forbidden to touch, strike, throw or twist during the loading. To avoid threaten the safety of equipment and people.

Construction of broad sleeper railroad

As an important part of track, ballast bed is the foundation of the track-frame, which has the follow functions: with the pressure from sleepers and pass passed to the subgrade surface evenly; provides elasticity of track, reduce and absorb the impact of the wheel-rail; provide a good drainage performance, so that improve the bearing capacity of the subgrade and reduce subgrade diseases. the exact construction steps as follows:

Cleaning and earth excavation of ballast bed.
Subgrade surface was crushed by vibratory roller, generally 8 to 10 times is appropriate. Detecting density by using density tester, and it should be detected qualified before laying coarse sand cushion.

After laying coarse sand cushion, and crush it again, then lay sub ballast and top ballast zone, the thickness is 250mm.

Laying of sub ballast is generally divided into two layers, crush it after laying a layer to ensure the compaction, criteria for compaction thickness is not less than 250 mm.
Top ballast zone use hard-wearing gravel, which must ensure the good quality. Thickness of laying is over 5cm.It should be smooth after laying, but cannot have wavy or twist irregularity phenomenon, so as not to affect the laying of concrete sleepers.

Laying of concrete sleepers

Place square wood pads under sleepers for enough strength, and anchor locally.
Concrete sleepers can be laid after finishing construction of top ballast zone. Notice that both ends of the sleeper should fall on ballast zone steadily, so as not to affect the structure of the ballast bed.

As for control piles, they are usually nailed on the both ends of the sleeper, and control the distance between two piles strictly.

The spacing of sleepers must be managed well, rail gap is the same.

Some tips about laying concrete railway sleepers

Ballast must be distributed and tamped before laying sleepers, when pre-laid ballast is in trouble, in situations in which protect sleepers from damage, lay sleepers first, and lay ballast.
Watch out the center of sleeper overlap the center of line as far as possible during laying sleepers. So that reduce the movement of sleepers.

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There must be rail pads between rails and the sleepers as buffer layer.
After the completing the laying of new concrete sleeper railway, at least 1 to 2 times tamping comprehensively before it is officially open to traffic, and reduce the speed, strengthen the observation of the railway, find the problems in time and get quick solution.
There are mud pumping, uneven subsidence, cold damage on the roadbed, or ballasted bridge that lay wooden sleeper, and ballastless bridge that has an abutment with block ballast wall. In these case, concrete sleepers cannot be used.

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